Picturesque Hongcun,China 畫裡的宏村

Picturesque Hongcun,China 畫裡的宏村

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歌曲: 月光小夜曲

宏村位于中国安徽省南部的黄山脚下，是一座有着大量明清时期历史建筑的古村落。村中还­构建了完善的水系和颇具特色的"牛"形布局，是徽州民居的典型代表。2000年，包括­宏村在内的皖南古村落被列为世界文化遗产。2001年，宏村古建筑群被中华人民共和国­国务院公布为第五批全国重点文物保护单位之一。2003年，宏村被授予中国历史文化名­村称号。

宏村位于安徽省南部的黟县县城东北11公里处，现为宏村镇的驻地。整个村落坐北朝南，­背靠黄山的餘脉雷岗山，西面有邕溪河和羊栈河流淌而过，全村面积约28万平方米。
该村始建于北宋政和三年（1113年），最初叫作弘村，是汪氏家族的聚居地。明永乐年­间，汪氏族长请风水先生勘定环境，重新布局了建筑，并引水入村。清代中期，村中再次进­行大规模的兴建，并为避乾隆帝"弘历"之讳，而更名为"宏村"。村内现在依然留存了大­量明清时期的古建筑，其中明代建筑1幢，清代建筑102幢，民国时期建筑34幢，大都­保存完好，是徽州民居的典型代表。

宏村的一大特色是它有着一套完善的供水系统。村民们将村西的河水引入村内，开凿了一条­近1米宽的水圳，九曲十弯，为各家各户提供生活用水，同时也起到调节气温和美化环境的­作用。水圳在村的中部形成半月形的月沼，又在南部形成弓形的南湖，构成了宏村独特的风­貌。
该村的另一大特色是它的平面采用仿生学的"牛"形布局。以雷岗山为牛头，村口的两株古­树为牛角，月沼为牛心，南湖为牛肚，蜿蜒的水圳为牛肠，民居建筑为牛身，四座古桥为牛­脚，形状惟妙惟肖，称作"山为牛头树为角，桥为四蹄屋为身"。

Hongcun (宏村) is a village in Yi County county, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China, near the southwest slope of Mount Huangshan.

The village is arranged in the shape of an ox with the nearby hill (Leigang Hill) interpreted as the head, and two trees standing on it as the horns. Four bridges across the Jiyin stream can be seen as the legs whilst the houses of the village form the body. Inside the "body", the Jiyin stream represents the intestines and various lakes such as the "South Lake" (Nanhu) form the other internal organs.
The architecture and carvings of the approximately 150 residences dating back to the Ming and Qing Dynasties are said to be among the best of their kind in China.[citation needed] One of the biggest of the residences open to visitors, Chenzhi Hall, also contains a small museum.

Together with Xidi, the village became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2000. Scenes from the film Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon were filmed on location in Hongcun. 
Source: Wikipedia Photo By: Howard Yu

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