“萊克多巴胺”的秘密，它為什麽在世界多國被禁用，而台灣卻批准進口
萊克多巴胺（瘦肉精 Ractopamine）是一種β促效劑（β-agonist）藥物，用以助長豬、牛、火雞生出瘦肉，減少體脂肪。是瘦肉精中最常见的一種，其肉品殘留毒性遠低於具有相同功能的其他動物飼料添加物。
美國称在其测定的容許殘留量下合法使用，將不會對人類造成中毒或短期危害。但目前的實驗數據無法確定其是否會對人體產生其他副作用，人體長期攝取殘留的萊克多巴胺是否會造成健康問題也尚不清楚，但其受試臨床表現較多為心跳過速，面頸、四肢肌肉顫抖，頭暈、頭疼、噁心、嘔吐，特別是患有高血壓、心臟病的病人，可能會加重病情導致意外，且因瘦肉精相關成份多為禁藥組成故國際體育賽事上被禁用。
美國食品藥品監督管理局（FDA）認為在安全殘留量內的安全性通過了科學檢驗，因此允許在飼料中添加使用，但不得直接使用於人體。除美國外，全世界核准於牛隻飼料中添加萊克多巴胺的國家，包括加拿大、墨西哥、印尼等三國。
Ractopamine is an animal feed additive used to promote leanness and increase food conversion efficiency in livestock in some countries, but banned in others. Pharmacologically, it is a phenol-based TAAR1 agonist and β adrenoreceptor agonist that stimulates β1 and β2 adrenergic receptors.
It is most commonly administered to animals for meat production as ractopamine hydrochloride. It is the active ingredient in products marketed in the US as Paylean for swine, Optaflexx for cattle, and Topmax for turkeys. It was developed by Elanco Animal Health, a division of Eli Lilly and Company.
As of 2014 the use of ractopamine was banned in 160 countries, including the European Union, mainland China and Russia, while 27 other countries, such as Japan, the United States, South Korea, and New Zealand have deemed meat from livestock fed ractopamine safe for human consumption. Wikipedia
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